Churn



(No Model.)

- 0. HANNA.

GHURN.

No. 322,445. Patented July 21, 1885.

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UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

oALvIN HANNA, or HAEDIN oo NTY, rENNEssEE.

CHURN.

SFECEFILCATION forming part of Letters Patent No.322,445, dated July21,1885,

Application filed April 28, 1885.

To all whom it may concern.-

Be it known that I, CALVIN HANNA, of the county of Hardin and State ofTennessee, have invented an Improved Churn, of which the following is aspecification.

The special object of the invention is to make a churn that will notonly do its Work well, but in the least possible time and with a minimumof labor.

Figure 1 of the drawings is a side elevation, partly in section; Fig. 2,a plan View, and Fig. 3 a vertical cross-section.

In the drawings, A represents the frame, which has the bases at a, whichmay be connected by a flooring, if desired. From the base-pieces a arise the uprights a a, connected by the slotted crosspieces 0t or a;

A is a preferably cylindrical cream-receptacle having a rabbeted coverand any suitable provisions for preventing the egress of the creamduring the operation of churning.

The cover B is provided with three holes, I) b I), through which passthe perpendicular stems G D C. To the lower end of stems G C isattached, on opposite sides, the bottom dasher, O", and to the lower endof the median stem, D, is centrally attached an upper dasher, D. Each ofthese dashers is perforated in any well-known Way.

To the upper ends of the stems O O are attached rods 0 c, pivoted bothto said stems and to the common lever E, which is fulcrumed on theupright a, passes therethrough, and is brought within easy reach of theoperator.

To the stem D is pivoted the end of a long rod, F, which passes upthrough cross-pieces a" a a and through a median hole at the front endof lever E to a lever, G, fulcrumed on (No model.)

a stud, g. The power end of lever G is 'connected by a pivoted rod, H,with'the front end of lever E, passing through slots of the two highestcross-pieces a a.

The operation is as follows: The operator works the lever E, like thehandle of a pump, by an oscillating movement, which causes the twodashers G D to move alternately to and from each other, thus compressingthe cream between them on one stroke and on the other pressing itagainst the top and bottom.

By this mode of operation no time or labor is wasted on a rcturn-stroke.It will also be noticed that the dashers move perpendicularly and in thesame vertical plane, thus minimizing friction and waste of power. Itwill also be observed that the levers E G are reversed in position. soas to bring their front ends so that one will be over the other andtheir draft-rods c c F in the same plane, Thus the movements are mostnearly brought in a EG, connected at their ends by a diagonal pivotedrod, the lower lever connected at its front with the two outsiderods andthe higher lever with the middle rod, as and for the purpose described.

CALVIN HANN A,

Witnesses:

J. A. HANNA. M. WHITE.

right line, the arc of the curve made by the ends of the rods being verysmall.

